Senin, 21 Oktober 2013

Vroom Expectancy Theory

Among several theories of motivation, there are theories that namely with expectancy theory. Character of this theory named Victor Vroom. Vroom (1964) developed a theory of motivation based on the kinds of choices made people to achieve goals, rather than based on internal needs. Hope theory has three main assumptions (Pace and Faules, 1998), namely:      

1 . Each individual believes that he behaves in a certain way , he will get a certain thing . It's called hope the results (outcome expectancy ) . For example , you may believe ( or have a hope ) that when obtaining a score of at least 85 on the test , you will be declared pass in college . Also have the expectation or belief that if obtained at least B in the class , your family will approve of what you are doing . So , we can define an expectation as a person's subjective assessment of the likelihood that a particular outcome will arise from the actions of the person.
2 . Each result has a value or appeal to certain people. This called valence. For example, you might appreciate a degree or opportunities for career advancement, while others may appreciate a retirement program or working conditions. Valence or value of some aspects of the work usually comes from internal needs, but the motivation is actually a more complicated process. So, we can define valency as the value given to an expected result.  

3 . Each outcome associated with a perception of how difficult achieving those results. This is called the effort expectancy (effort expectancy). Suppose you have a perception when reading this study diligently, you will get the value 85 in the exam. However, you have to try even harder to learn this discussion in order to obtain the value of 90 . So, we can define the expectations of the business as the possibility that the business person will result in achieving a specific goal .
Motivation, according to Pace and Faulus (1998) is described by combining these three principles. People will be motivated if he believes that:
      1. Certain behavior will produce certain results 
      2. The results have a positive value for him       
      3. These results can be achieved with a person's work done     
            So, a person would choose when he saw develop alternative, the level of performance that has the highest motivational force associated with it. In short, that's the key points in the Vroom expectancy theory. So little of the hope theory can we explain some important things about it.

Reference
Sobur, Alex, Drs. M.Sc. (2003). Psikologi Umum. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.

Pace, R. wayne and Don F. Faules. , 1998. Organizational Communication, Corporate Strategy improve performance, Translators Deddy Mulyana, Engkus Kuswarno, and Gembirasari. Bandung: PT Youth Rosdakarya

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